How Do Antioxidants Affect Chemotherapy

The new study is the first to look at supplement use during breast cancer treatment. On the other hand some studies indicate that taking antioxidant supplements may interfere with chemotherapy and radiation therapy by reducing their effectiveness.

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6 - 10 7 8 9 10 However it also follows that antioxidants might protect cancer.

How do antioxidants affect chemotherapy. Because traditional standard of care therapies like radiation and chemotherapy kill cancer cells by the generation of free radicals perhaps patients taking antioxidants were negating or diminishing the effects of their cancer treatment. But antioxidants fight oxidative stress which means they can blunt the effects of chemotherapy. They speculate that antioxidants may inhibit the cellular effects of selected cytotoxic agents while acknowledging that there.

Simone a renowned oncologist and immunologist did an extensive literature review and found that antioxidants do not interfere with chemo or radiation. This has led to doctors discouraging cancer patients from taking antioxidant supplements while they are undergoing chemotherapy. Including vitamins C and E are antioxidants and bind to free radicals preventing oxidative damage.

There are considerable in vitro and animal data showing that vitamin C and other antioxidants can protect cells against radiation and chemotherapy. Much debate has arisen about whether antioxidant supplementation alters the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Some evidence suggests that antioxidants can interfere with the cancer-killing effects of chemotherapy.

Oncologists at an influential oncology institution contended that antioxidants interfere with radiation and some chemotherapies because those modalities kill by generating free radicals that are neutralized by antioxidants and that folic acid interferes with methotrexate. Many oncologists note that antioxidants can improve chemotherapy but there are also concerns that it can counteract the drug. By reducing aldehyde generation antioxidants may counteract the effects of chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress on cell cycle progression and enhance the cytotoxicity of antineoplastic agents.

Labriola and Livingston focus their discussion on the potential pharmacodynamic interactions between antioxidants and DNA-damaging agents. There is still limited evidence in both quality and sample size suggesting that certain antioxidant supplements may reduce adverse reactions and toxicities. 3 - 5 4 5 It seems likely that they would therefore reduce treatmentrelated toxicities and there are promising although not unequivocal data that this indeed is the case.

So antioxidants which will detoxify free radicals should theoretically decrease the efficacy of the chemotherapy. It is possible that antioxidants may protect tumor cells in addition to healthy cells from the oxidative damage intentionally caused by conventional treatments. While antioxidants do not diminish tumor response or impact survival rates they can diminish a variety of side effects suggesting that evidence leans towards using antioxidants during chemotherapy treatment.

Since most of the chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells by damaging their DNAs by means of free radicals. However the series of studies sparked a more immediate concern to practicing oncologists. Many oncologists take the position that antioxidants by their nature undermine the free radical mechanism of chemotherapy and radiother-apy and should therefore generally be avoided during treat-.

Oxidative stress reduces the rate of cell proliferation and that occurring during chemotherapy may interfere with the cytotoxic effects of antineoplastic drugs which depend on rapid proliferation of cancer cells for optimal activity. In some preclinical studies antioxidants have been found to promote tumor growth and metastasis in tumor-bearing mice and to increase the ability of circulating tumor cells to metastasize 2931. Until more is known about the effects of antioxidant supplements in cancer patients these supplements should be used with caution.

Antioxidants detoxify ROS and may enhance the anticancer effects of chemotherapy. Preclinical Evidence There are considerable in vitro and animal data showing that vitamin C and other antioxidants can protect cells against radiation and chemotherapy3-5 It seems likely that they would therefore reduce treatment-related toxicities. Thus they can reduce or eliminate the DNA-damaging effects of the free radicals.

Supplemental antioxidants do not undermine the effective-ness of cytotoxic therapies the use of antioxidants during cancer treatment remains controversial. Antioxidants are compounds that have the ability to interact with and inactivateneutralize free radicals such as those purposely created by radiation therapy and chemotherapy to kill cancer cells thereby reducing or eliminating the DNA damaging effects of the free radicalsand thus protecting tumor cells from our cancer treatments. Thats because these chemical treatments cause oxidative stress a chemically-triggered reaction in the body which in turn kills cancer cells.

Antioxidants are compounds that protect against oxidation and can inactivate free radicals such as those purposely created by radiation therapy and chemotherapy to kill cancer cells. However clinical trials are proving the opposite. In fact they become more effective and increase patient survival.

Previous research has raised concerns that dietary supplements especially antioxidants can make chemotherapy less effective.

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